The Road That Led African Americans - 986 Words

The road that led African-Americans to freedom in the United States was definitely not an easy road by any means. It was indeed a stony road, and the chastening rod is used here to describe the harshness associated with slavery and the masters cracking the whip, or rod. So much blood was shed during this point in time, before Reconstruction (during the Civil War), and after Reconstruction and the period leading up to the Harlem Renaissance. In fact, even after African-Americans had gained their freedom they still experienced abuse, inequality, and suffering at the hands of their White counterparts. The Jim Crow Laws were enacted and in effect in the South, which led to the mass migration to the North, and even in the North, Blacks still experienced some indifference, though not on the same scale as they had in the South. In Lift Every Voice and Sing, Johnson uses rhyming which of course is standard of most poetry. He also uses simile in line five with his comparison of how the soun d of joy should be loud like that of the rolling sea. Lift Every Voice and Sing is both carefully and craftily composed, and uses vivid imagery as well as religious theme, which is also prevalent in a majority of Johnson’s works, again displaying his strong Christian faith. This poem has become so well known, and so popular, that it was recited by Reverend Joseph E. Lowery at the Inauguration ceremony of President Barack Obama in 2009. In 2008 Rene Marie, a jazz musician substituted the wordsShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of The Confederate Army Led By William T. Sherman1264 Words   |  6 PagesOn September 1, 1864 Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, Commander of the Military Division of Army of Mississippi with his Union troops, had successfully captured Atlanta from the Confederate Army led by Lt. Gen. John Bell Hood. At that time Atlanta considered as the heart of the South for the Southerns and for the Confederate Army. On the other hand â€Å"Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant General in chief of the U.S. Army believed that the Civil War would come to an end only if the Confederacy s strategic, economicRead MoreOn the Road with Racism: Langton Hughes Life Experiences824 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is racism? In â€Å"On the Road† by Langston Hughes racism is characterized in an unemployed African American. The African American depicted in this story is known as Sargeant. Sargeant is a character that Langston Hughes had little relativity to as being homeless as well as in search for food, but he undoubtedly identified with in culture. Langston Hughes childhood, heritage, and involvement in the African American community led him to create a strong willed character. Born in Joplin, MissouriRead MoreINEZ BEVERLY PROSSER - AFRICAN AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST1587 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Inez Beverly Prosser Twentieth Century African American Psychologist Marcus Monteiro PSY 310 May 4, 2014 Professor Sara Molloy Abstract Inez Beverly Prosser (1895-1934), was an African American psychologist of the early twentieth century. Her main focus was on the significance of racism and its effects upon children relative to the obtainment of fair and adequate education. This writing will address the endeavors, perspectivesRead MoreRacism And The Failure Of Alternative Methods Essay1541 Words   |  7 PagesBut when we do, the conversations end to be heated and end with no progress gained and in most cases just progress lost. This has been seen over the past few years in the cases of the deaths and beating by police officers of unarmed African American men. These have led to movements such as the black lives matter protests that have spread widely and quickly. And as before these protests have been met by heavy criticism for the methods it is deploying. But it has got people talking and that is the firstRead MoreThe Construction Of The Alaskan Highway1136 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent engineer units, 11,000 men , 1/3 of them were of African American decent and 7,500 civilians. Military personnel and Civilian contractors banded together to complete which is now known as the Alaskan Skyway. Alaskan Highway Pearl Harbor will forever be a day we live in infamy. With fear that the Japanese would also attack Canada and Alaska, President Franklin D. Roosevelt had to respond. One of his responses to the attack, led to one of the Nation’s largest operations which neverRead MoreBelt And Road Initiative Essay1322 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Studies of Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) The developed economies across the world exhibit impressive economic growth rates that enable citizens to rise to the middle and upper class. This shift creates a high demand for natural resources prompting respective countries to hunt for these necessities across the globe (Albert). This is the situation in China, a rapidly rising economic powerhouse with the largest population in the world. Albert highlights China’s expanding middle class that hasRead MoreThe American Dream And Its Reality For Minority Americans903 Words   |  4 Pagesof Jamestown and Plymouth colonies to modern times, Americans have always been determined to improve themselves both economically and socially. Even today, we are attempting to make society better by extending marriage rights to homosexuals and arguing the merits of flying the Confederate Battle flag over government buildings in non-historical situations. At the same time, concerns such as the impact of the Greek economic collapse on Ameri can business and the long-term cost of the Office of PersonnelRead MoreInfluential Colonisation And Its Impact On Contemporary Africa1507 Words   |  7 PagesOutlined by this quote, that although in terms of times colonialism is a small section of African history, it has left an imprint throughout the continent. This essay will look at how influential colonisation is in contemporary Africa, there are two main groups of scholars who argue how influential colonialism was in Africa the first is outlined by Gann and Duigan and they hold the view that the colonial era was ‘the most decisive for the future of Africa’. The alternative school of thought is heldRead MoreSlavery Fight for Freedom804 Words   |  4 PagesSlavery Fight for Freedom During the course of the slave trade millions of Africans became involuntary immigrants to the New World. Some African captives resisted enslavement by fleeing from slave forts on the coast of West African. Others mutinied on board slave trading vessels, or cast themselves into the ocean, rather facing death than enslavement. In the New World there were those who ran away from their owners, ran away among the Indians, formed maroon societies, revolted, feigned sicknessRead MoreEssay on African Americans Influence on Civil War618 Words   |  3 Pagesway the African Americans shaped the course and consequences of the Civil War? African Americans helped shape the civil war in many ways. In fact, they were basically the underlying cause for the war in the first place. African Americans were slaves and had been treated like property since they first arrived in America. Therefore, the possibility of freedom for these slaves caused a big uproar in the south. The issue of equal rights for African Americans, the country’s ignorance to African American’s

Branching Out With Stem Cells - 1400 Words

Anonymous Duck Hour 8 Edited by Branching Out With Stem Cells Imagine a child, no more than six years old, with a failing liver. There is no way for that child to receive a functional liver because of the waiting list for organs. That child will almost certainly die waiting for that liver, and never get close to the top of the list. The main reason for this is quite simple: there are not nearly enough organs available for transplant to save the people that need them. Because the research of stem cells isn’t developed or funded well enough for functional organs to be made, many people will die waiting for the organs. But, if funding and support was provided, lives would be saved instead of lost. Stem cells should be used in more clinical†¦show more content†¦Those people also argue that society would begin to accept the concept or destroying one potential life in order to save another. The final source of embryonic stem cells is opposed only because people find creating an embryo only to destroy it l ater is morally wrong and inhumane. Those that are in favor or neutral to creating the embryos point out that it is acceptable for an embryo that is created accidentally to be destroyed as a consequence of pregnancy, but to create an embryo with the intent to use the stem cells it is composed of to save a life is wrong (Hug). The second type of stem cell are pluripotent stem cells. Pluripotent stem cells come from fetal tissues instead of the embryo itself. Fetal tissues include the umbilical cord and the blood inside it, and the placenta. There is also a second kind of pluripotent stem cell. These stem cells are called induced pluripotent stem cells, or iPSCs. iPSCs are stem cells were adult stem cells, but have been reprogrammed into their embryonic stages. Though iPSCs resemble human embryonic stem cells, they are not usually accepted into the body, and so they are introduced to other adult stem cells with a virus that has caused some cancers to develop (National Institutes of He alth). Also, there is the concern for the risk of disease caused by stem cells that has people standing against the use of the stem cells. The number one concern with the iPSCs is cancer, due to the virus used toShow MoreRelatedPlant Tissues981 Words   |  4 Pagesmature  vascular plant  (any plant other than mosses and liverworts), contains several types of differentiated cells. These are grouped together in tissues. Some tissues contain only one type of cell. Some consist of several. Tissue  is a cellular organizational level intermediate between  cells  and a complete  organism. A tissue is an ensemble of similar cells and from the same  origin, that together carry out a specific function. These are called tissues because of their identical functioning.  Organs  are thenRead MoreTomato Plant1422 Words   |  6 Pagescalled the seed coat. The seed is the dormant or resting stage of the plant life cycle. When young tomato plants are damaged, they tend to go into a dormant, survival stage in which plant growth is delayed for a while. Frost damage is something to look out for when planting tomatoes early on in the season. Frost damage is marked by tender, dark green spots on the leaves. Although they wont kill the plant, frostbites will make them dormant for a while, delaying plant growth. During the germination processRead MoreThe Roles Of Carbohydrates And Their Cooperation Within The Immune System1508 Words   |  7 PagesThe roles of carbohydrate s in biological processes--as indisputable as they are--still create a conundrum for scientists. The trouble for fully understanding their roles thoroughly stems from the â€Å"nontemplate nature of their synthesis.† This paper calls attention to what is known about the different binding partners of carbohydrates and their cooperation within the immune system, namely microbial (non-self), tumor (altered-self), and host (self). DNA and RNA can be thought of as polysaccharides withRead MoreStructure of Function of Plants Review1871 Words   |  8 Pagesspecializations in plant organs and plant cells that are adaptations to life on land. 5. If humans were photoautotrophs, making food by capturing light energy for photosynthesis, how might our anatomy be different? 6. Distinguish between primary and secondary growth. 7. Cells in lower layers of your skin divide and replace dead cells sloughed from the surface. Why is it inaccurate to compare such regions of cell division to a plant meristem? 8. Roots and stems grow indeterminately, but leavesRead MoreCauses And Function Of Neuron965 Words   |  4 PagesNeurons are highly polarized cells with specific morphology linked to their func-tional role. The long, single axon, multiple short dendrites and the tiny neurites that decorate their surface collectively give the neuron its distinctive shape. These regions of the neuron serve as sub-cellular compartments with local regulation that accounts for important neural phenomena like learning and memory formation. The dynamic nature of neuronal morphology makes it one of the aspects of neuronal functionRead MoreBiology Chapter 35 and 39 Notes2121 Words   |  9 PagesShoot Root The organs found in both systems are: roots, stems, and leaves Roots Functions of roots: Anchoring the plant absorbing minerals and water storing organic nutrients and other functions Absorption of water and minerals occurs near the root tips, where root hairs increase the surface area. Many plants have modified roots: Prop roots in mangrove Tubers in sweet potato and cassava Tubers are enlarge root or stem that acts as nutrient storage Aerial roots of the stranglerRead MoreThe Brain Research Paper1969 Words   |  8 Pagesabout conditions both inside the body and outside it. The brain rapidly analyzes this information and then sends out messages that control body functions and actions.   (Brain 561) According to Tether, the brain is divided into three main parts: the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the brain stem. These parts, in turn, are largely made up of nerve cells, called neurons, and helper cells, called glia. Researchers have discovered that there may be as many as 100 billion neurons in the brain and a farRead MoreThe Evolution Of Medicine During The Early Nineteenth Century1537 Words   |  7 Pagesand morals embodied by today’s doctors—from Hippocrates and the symbolism behind the caduceus (the universal symbol for healthcare, a snake wrapped around a staff) to the more controversial works of today (Dr. Kevorkian or the studies into fetal stem cells). Regardless of which aspect of medicin e, studied, there is a general trend towards a longer, more prosperous life, minimal intrusion by hospitals, and a pain free existence; together these characteristics seem to coalesce into the cornerstone ofRead MoreAn Introduction to the Human Body Test 1 Essay2304 Words   |  10 PagesPart 2 Short answer questions Part 3 Crtical thinking questions Chapter 1. An Introduction to the Human Body  Ã‚  Ã‚   1. This is the study of the functions of body structures. a. Physiology 2. This is defined as a group of cells with similar structure and function. b. Tissue 3. Using your fingers to find your pulse on your wrist is an example of c. Palpation 4. Percussion techniques can be used to determine d. Fluid in the lungs 5. ThisRead MoreA Role for Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Learning and Memory Essay2407 Words   |  10 Pagesneurons. It is a multistep process which consists of asymmetric division of neural stems ultimately leading to the generation of new neurons. In the hippocampus, neurogenesis occurs predominantly during embryonic development and also during adulthood (Altman and Das, 1965). In the human brain, adult neurogenesis occurs in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus throughout life (Eriksson et al., 1998). Newly formed cells in the subgranular layer then migrate to the granular layer of the dentate gyrus

Journal of a Foreign Descendant Free Essays

The thesis in the book suggests the idea that all people of African descent in distributed in the Americas as well the rest of the world should -in the face of the inaccurate misrepresentation and portrayal of the continent, and the cynical disengagement being practiced in the west -try to go to Africa and get the rich experiences that the continent has to offer. The book is mainly directed to two audiences: The academicians and the general public. The book deals with two main extremist views of Africa. We will write a custom essay sample on Journal of a Foreign Descendant or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Eurocentric view of Africa portrays it as being mostly Jungle, uncivilized and inhabited by sub humans. The other extremist view is that of those that think that Africa is the answer to all the problems afflicting the people of African descent. Television programs generally go to the very rural areas -indeed there are some very rural areas -in the different parts of the continent, they videotape these peoples way of life, and then show only that on television. The ordinary TV watcher is only exposed to what is televised hence the development of the Eurocentric view of Africa. The author supports him theme in a variety of ways. He believes that people of African Descent have a lot to learn from the continent of Africa. One such lesson is the virtue of honesty. The author supports this by giving us an example of Geoffrey Black. While Mr. Black got into an argument with the taxi driver and declined to give him some extra money, The taxi driver returned his expensive camera, which he had forgotten in the cab. The author also Emphasized on the distinctive African work ethics, conservation and communal sense of responsibility. The Africans believe that resources -like water – are not to be wasted. Furthermore, everyone has a role to play in the society as a whole. Consequently, each person performs his or her duties without having to be pushed around. If there is work to b done, someone does it. Fathers also take their responsibilities as parents seriously. Miss Vida Dzobo, a lady who sold out her personal belongings to start up a school demonstrated citizen responsibility in contributing towards the development of the rather than waiting for the government to do so. In addition, the author did not fail to recognize the kindness and hospitality of the African people both by Rev Ghalas’ family and also through the Egyptian lady in Asmara who spread a blanket for them and gave them food. One very enriching experienced and lesson acquired is in the book is â€Å"the secret of life† as put by the author. The author in his life as a Christian and historian was impressed, overwhelmed and touched all at the same time by his experience in Ghana at the Leprosium and Podue. The author due to the lack of handicapped accessible buildings witnessed a physically challenged man struggle up the stairs to attend the church. Moreover, The church was filled with lepers who were joyfully praising God despite their suffering. This particular incident showed that life is mush more than material things. On the flip side of the authors theme of corporation between Africans and Africans in Diaspora, the Africans have a lot to gain from the People of African descent. As Dan Hoffman said, Africa had contributed greatly to the development of the Americas and have much more to contribute now both in natural resources and others ways. The author went ahead to give us examples how and where Africans could use some help. He noted that it is in Africa that the greatest human drama had occurred in the late twentieth century. People were dying due to the widespread civil wars among the Africans. As The author put it â€Å"Just as Eastern Europe is demanding democratic reforms, the same dynamic is being played out upon the African continent† The people of Africa are also perishing because from hunger yet the land is richly endowed with natural resources. As the author went through Egypt, he realized that though they were called deserts, â€Å"Arizona, California, and Nevada have nothing equal to the piles of pure white sand that seems to have had all the signs of vitality bleached out by the rays o the sun†. The African farmers need help in such areas as farming tools and equipment as well as the technology and know how that is so richly prevalent in the west in order to adequately feed the people. In addition, the continent of Africa has its hare of political problems. In Nigeria for example, as witnessed by the author, was not politically stable because of the military rulers had strained the public with their policies. The Bureaucracy in Ghana had engulfed the system made a simple process a whole stressful situation all in the name of creating jobs for people. Generally many African nations have not had good leaders. The past leaders have only dwelled on enriching themselves and exploited the citizens while in their positions rather than improving the county’s systems. Examples include Mobutu Sese Seco of former Zaire now the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the well-known tyrant Idi Amin Dada of Uganda. With the exception of a few countries such as South Africa and Egypt, the infrastructure in most African countries is not developed. The Africans could use help in his area. Educated and skilled people of African descent should come together and assist in the improvement of the roads, the sewage systems, and provision of clean water. Unfortunately, as the author traveled to and from Ho and Ogun, he experienced first hand what badly maintained roads could lead to. There is a potential for the African people as well as African American people to gain if they cooperate. The author does well in his recommendation that more African Americans travel to the continent Africa. I concur with the author in his idea that all people of African descent should be concerned about Africa just like Jewish Americans are concerned about the middle east and just as the polish Americans are concerned about Poland. As the Africans benefit from the new technology from the Africans in the west, the people of African descent will also gain valuable virtues that were extorted from them during the institution of slavery. They should therefore at least give traveling to Africa a try than just fully agreeing with the distorted view of Africa in the west. Consequently, rather than try to alienate themselves from anything to do with Africa as they have for a long time been conditioned, they will instead be able to appreciate their land of origin. This will bring out the best in them that has been hidden for an incredibly long time. How to cite Journal of a Foreign Descendant, Papers

Richard Iii Monologue Essay Paper Example For Students

Richard Iii Monologue Essay Paper A monologue from the play by William Shakespeare RICHARD: Now is the winter of our discontent Made glorious summer by this son of York; And all the clouds that lowered upon our house In the deep bosom of the ocean buried. Now are our brows bound with victorious wreaths, Our bruised arms hung up for monuments, Our stern alarums changed to merry meetings, Our dreadful marches to delightful measures. Grim-visaged war hath smoothed his wrinkled front, And now, instead of mounting barbed steeds To fright the souls of fearful adversaries, He capers nimbly in a lady\s chamber To the lascivious pleasing of a lute. But I, that am not shaped for sportive tricks Nor made to court an amorous looking-glass; I, that am rudely stamped, and want love\s majesty To strut before a wanton ambling nymph; I, that am curtailed of this fair proportion, Cheated of feature by dissembling Nature, Deformed, unfinished, sent before my time Into this breathing world, scarce half made up, And that so lamely and unfashionable That dogs bark at me as I halt by them Why I, in this weak piping time of peace, Have no delight to pass away the time, Unless to see my shadow in the sun And descant on mine own deformity. And therefore, since I cannot prove a lover To entertain these fair well-spoken days, I am determined to prove a villain And hate the idle pleasures of these days. Plots have I laid, inductions dangerous, By drunk prophecies, libels, and dreams, To set my brother Clarence and the king In deadly hate the one against the other; And if King Edward be as true and just As I am subtle, false, and treacherous, This day should Clarence closely be mewed up About a prophecy which says that G Of Edward\s heirs the murderer shall be. Dive, thoughts, down to my soul here Clarence comes!

Being an Adult VS. Child essays

Being an Adult VS. Child essays When I was a kid life was so much fun but still all I wanted was to be an adult. I was always fascinated by all the great and interesting things that adults were able to do. Every year that passed I was grew more excited because I was getting closer to being an adult. Now that I am an adult I wish I could be a kid again. Its quite amazing how fast your opinion can change. All the activities that I can do now do not compare to even one day as being a child. On the other hand I still enjoy being an adult and I still have a lot to experience. My life as a child and as an adult is vastly different but still is similar in small ways. When I was a child I was allowed to do basically anything that I wanted to do. I would go outside, play with my friends and play sports all day long. Being a child was fun and had many positive sides to it. As a child I never had to worry about having to work or if I had a test the next day. Life was fairly stress free. All I had to worry about was what time my favorite cartoons were going to be on Saturday morning or what my friends down the road were doing. On Saturdays I would wake up bright and early and sit in the living room in front of the television or go outside to meet my friends for a game of tag. As I would be sitting around the house, all I could smell was my mother cooking breakfast. It was nice to have someone cook for you, and not have to worry about feeding yourself. As a child I did not have to worry about money. There was no need to, all the money I needed was to buy some candy or a favorite movie or CD. Every week I would receive an allowance which was ten dollars that I was allowed to do anything I pleased with. I thought this was a lot of money when I was young. When youre a child there never is a thought of having to save up in order to purchase something you really want. Childhood does come with its great moments but its not as fun as it sounds. Being ...

Infographic Whats a Good SAT Score for College

Infographic What's a Good SAT Score for College SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The definition of a "good" SAT score is tought to pinpoint. It depends significantly on the types of colleges you're looking at and how much you've improved from your baseline scores. The infographic in this article will go through statistics on the national level and at different colleges to give you a better sense of what a good score might mean for you. This data should help you to see your score from a more informed perspective and decide whether you need to keep working on it to make improvements. As you can see, what a "good" SAT score meansfor you will depend heavily on the selectivity of the colleges where you plan on applying. Although the national average is around a 1500, you might need to score much higher than that to get into an extremely competitive school. For Brown, the 75th percentile SAT score for admitted students was a 2310. If you wanted to have a strong chance of being accepted, you would need to shoot for close to a perfect score. In this case, a "good" score for you might be around a 2300. For Texas AM Kingsville, on the other hand, the 75th percentile SAT score for admitted students was a 1470. If you were interested in this school, you would have a strong chance of being accepted with a score that was on par with the national average of a 1500. You can find similar data on average scores for any colleges that interest you by using the method in the last section of the infographic. In general, your goal should be to reach or surpass the 75th percentile score. Even if your score seems good enough now to get into some colleges that you like, it's important to understand that raising your score a couple hundred points will give you a lot more optionsin the application process. This is especially true if you're currently scoring in the 1400-1500 range. You can see on the graph in the second section of the infographic that there is a big jump in the number of schools you can get into with a 1600 versus a 1400. A two hundred point gain is achieveable for any student with some practice, and it could make a huge difference in your opportunities for college. Higher scores will empower you to consider a wider range of schools andfind one that suits you perfectly! What's Next? Are you wondering how this advice translates to the new SAT? Learn more about what a good target score on the new 2016 SAT might look like for you. If you're working on submitting scores to colleges already, read these articles to find out how to send your scores and navigate your options for score choice. If you're currently preparing for the SAT, you should take a look at our guides that will give you helpful strategies for improving your Math, Critical Reading, and Writing scores. Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Meter and Rhythm in the Poem Garden Of Love by William Blake Essay

Meter and Rhythm in the Poem Garden Of Love by William Blake - Essay Example At the age of 25 Blake married Catherine Boucher, and in 1785 he opened a print shop that failed and left him to eke out a miserable living with inadequate numbers of orders for designs and engravings. During the Napoleonic Wars not many people in England could afford the high cost of contracting the work of an engraver. In 1804 Blake was charged with sedition but was acquitted, because a drunk had wrongly accused him. In 1809 his single art exhibition of sixteen works went unnoticed by everyone except a lone critic who criticized it fiercely. Blake's literary work was so highly influenced by the politics of his time that it most likely hurt his success as an engraver. In the last years of his life, Blake met a group of young artists whose appreciation for his work eased his growing destitution. William Blake died on August 12, 1827.2 The poem is found in the anthology Songs of Innocence and of Experience. William Blake was so little recognized in his lifetime that the author only managed to write and sell his poetry intermittently over his professional career, and his poetic work was essentially little known or regarded by his contemporaries. Blake at first only wrote poetry in his spare time. Though Blake acquired some repute as an engraver and an artist, those who recognized his genius still commonly believed him to be somewhat eccentric in his own time.4 The Garden of Love, speaks fr... etime that the author only managed to write and sell his poetry intermittently over his professional career, and his poetic work was essentially little known or regarded by his contemporaries. Blake at first only wrote poetry in his spare time. Though Blake acquired some repute as an engraver and an artist, those who recognized his genius still commonly believed him to be somewhat eccentric in his own time.4 The Garden of Love, speaks from a first person viewpoint to set the individual's early experience of the spiritual loveliness of the natural world in stilted contrast with the intrusion of the unforgiving man-made constructs of religious observance. The narrator returns to the lost innocence of childhood, once experienced in its natural ambience, to revive the uplifting memory of the long-forgotten bliss of a Garden sanctuary, only to find it pointlessly spoiled by a man-made Chapel - metaphorically representing the imposition of the censorious rules and strictures of an adult religious life - overwhelming the once-healthy lighthearted and carefree ambience of his youth.5 The carefully chosen imagery of the garden and youth characterize the early experience of creation in its pristine state as the natural ambience for the exuberant child in the unaffected transparency and original innocence reminiscent of the Biblical Garden of Eden.6 The incursion of the Chapel erected in the midst of the Garden, which the narrator "never had seen" as a youth, imposes the unnatural structure of organized religion whose detrimental influence begins to escalate as the poem communicates more of its closed and censorious nature in the following stanzas. The inert stone edifice of the Chapel supplanting the promise and freedom of the green - a conventional metonymy for promise and